Infections are a common difficulty among the elderly, and anti-infective agents are frequently prescribed to them. In elderly patients, ADRs, as well as drug interactions, should be considered when selecting an anti-infective regimen.
Common drug interactions with anti-infective agents involve macrolide antibacterials and fluoroquinolones.
Erythromycin and troleandomycin are strong inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP3A4, and may therefore be responsible for definite quantity of coadministered drugs by decreasing their elbow room . Internal representation substrates of CYP3A4 include benzodiazepines, calcium passageway antagonists, immunosuppressive agents (e.g., cyclosporin, tacrolimus [Protopic®, Astellas]), and anticoagulants. Elderly patients receiving macrolides should be monitored for adverse events resulting from drug interactions.
Fluoroquinolones are antibacterials that are frequently used in infections affecting the elderly. One of the most important drug interactions of fluoroquinolones is the noesis of ciprofloxacin (Cipro®, Bayer) and enoxacin to inhibit the organic process of theophylline by CYP1A2, resulting in theophylline accruement and perniciousness. Seizures may occur at therapeutic theophylline levels as a final result of its additive effects on the central nervous grouping (CNS). Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids have adverse effects on many keyboard instrument systems, ranging from those that are not necessarily serious (e.g., Cushingoid appearance), to those that are life-threatening (e.g., serious infections).
Some of these adverse effects may be aggravated in the elderly.
Patients receiving allegra 5-40mg/day for at least 1 year had a overtone loss of explicit computer storage, and elderly patients may be more susceptible to mental faculty unfitness with less protracted idiom . The risk of developing diabetes mellitus more than soul in elderly patients who are newly initiated on oral corticosteroid therapy.
A higher risk for peptic ulcer disease was reported in corticosteroid users who were receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) concurrently ( Gathering 1 ). Those receiving NSAIDs and corticosteroids showed a risk for peptic ulcer disease 15 experience greater than that of nonusers of either drug.